Assessing Reclamation Features and Estimating Reclamation Costs on Abandoned, Inactive, and Permitted Mines Using Real-Time GPS and Tablet Computers

Abstract

Real time mobile mapping is now a reality for natural resource professionals such as Abandoned Mine Land (AML) Reclamation Specialists, Mine Inspectors, and Permit Reviewers. During the early 1990's, lightweight global positioning system (GPS) receivers first opened the door for field professionals to accurately locate geographic features and environmental problems without traditional surveying crews and equipment. Further developments in GPS technology during the late 1990's enabled improvements in accuracy of GPS data with the introduction of real-time GPS correction equipment such as portable beacon receivers and Wide Area Augmentation System (WAAS) enabled GPS units. However, standard GPS receivers and even the higher-end GPS mapping equipment lacked the power and capabilities to seamlessly move from the office to the field and back without multiple data conversion and correction exercises. Recent innovations in Tablet computers, card type GPS receivers, integrated GPS technologies along with Geographic Information System (GIS) and Computer Aided Drafting and Design (CAD) software make it possible to use existing aerial photography, satellite imagery, and electronic permitting data to easily and accurately locate natural resource problem features, produce ready-to-use GIS data and maps, conduct in field CAD design, and seamlessly extract the data back in the office. The Office of Surface Mining (OSM) continues efforts in applying mobile computing devices and software to permitting and AML field work. This technology allows Inspectors to take maps and permit data to the field for inspection and verification of mining and permitting activities. The application of AML design and re-design in the field is also being applied along with traditional methods to eventually integrate mobile computing as a tool in AML and Regulatory work. This technology will result in a more efficient means of implementing the Surface Mining Control and Reclamation Act (SMCRA).