Abstract

BackgroundWell-adapted and validated quality-of-life measurement models for the nursing home population are scarce. Therefore, the aim of this study was to test the psychometrical properties of the OPQoL-brief questionnaire among cognitively intact nursing home residents. The research question addressed evidence related to the dimensionality, reliability and construct validity, all of which considered interrelated measurement properties.MethodsCross-sectional data were collected during 2017–2018, in 27 nursing homes representing four different Norwegian municipalities, located in Western and Mid-Norway. The total sample comprised 188 of 204 (92% response rate) long-term nursing home residents who met the inclusion criteria: (1) municipality authority’s decision of long-term nursing home care; (2) residential time 3 months or longer; (3) informed consent competency recognized by responsible doctor and nurse; and (4) capable of being interviewed.ResultsPrincipal component analysis and confirmative factor analyses indicated a unidimensional solution. Five of the original 13 items showed low reliability and validity; excluding these items revealed a good model fit for the one-dimensional 8-items measurement model, showing good internal consistency and validity for these 8 items.ConclusionFive out of the 13 original items were not high-quality indicators of quality-of-life showing low reliability and validity in this nursing home population. Significant factor loadings, goodness-of-fit indices and significant correlations in the expected directions with the selected constructs (anxiety, depression, self-transcendence, meaning-in-life, nurse-patient interaction, and joy-of-life) supported the psychometric properties of the OPQoL-brief questionnaire. Exploring the essence of quality-of-life when residing in a nursing home is highly warranted, followed by development and validation of new tools assessing quality-of-life in this population. Such knowledge and well-adapted scales for the nursing home population are beneficial and important for the further development of care quality in nursing homes, and consequently for quality-of-life and wellbeing in this population.

Highlights

  • Well-adapted and validated quality-of-life measurement models for the nursing home population are scarce

  • We found the OPQoL-brief questionnaire [22], which was developed by a “bottom-up” approach and tested among older adults in Britain [22]

  • Dimensionality Principal Component Analysis (PCA) In order to explain as much of the total variance as possible with as few factors as possible, the OPQoLbrief was subjected to principal component analysis (PCA)

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Summary

Introduction

Well-adapted and validated quality-of-life measurement models for the nursing home population are scarce. The world faces a shift to an older population; 125 million people are aged 80 years or older [1]. Quality-of-life (QoL) and health promotive initiatives for older persons living in nursing homes (NH) will become ever more important in the years to come. The World Health Organization Quality of Life Group [3] defined QoL as an “individuals’ perception of their position in life in the context of the culture and value systems in which they live and in relation to their goals, expectations, standards and concerns.”. The World Health Organization Quality of Life Group [3] defined QoL as an “individuals’ perception of their position in life in the context of the culture and value systems in which they live and in relation to their goals, expectations, standards and concerns.” global QoL encompasses multiple constructs such as physical health, psychological status, independence level, social relationships, and relationship with significant features of the environment [3]

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