Abstract
Background: Hospitals are the most important and largest providers of health services in the health system. Objectives: This study aimed to examine hospital managers’ attitudes toward health promotion policies at a teaching hospital in Tehran, Iran. Methods: This research was a descriptive-analytical study. The study population consisted of 75 senior and middle managers of a teaching hospital in Tehran, Iran in 2018. Sampling was conducted through a census. The study instrument was a researcher-made questionnaire assessing managers’ attitudes toward health promotion. The questionnaire was validated. Data were collected and then analyzed using SPSS 20 software. Results: Total score of health promotion policies was estimated to be 84.5 ± 10.6 out of 100. The highest scores of the components associated with health promotion policies were 94.9 ± 9.34 and 93.8 ± 10.36 of 100 belonging to “Awareness of hospital staff of health promotion policies” and “Enjoyment of a written health promotion policy” items, respectively; while the lowest score was 75.4 ± 20.68 out of 100 belonging to “Informing patients, their companions, and staff about factors associated with the disease whose health is supported by the hospital”. The highest score of components associated with health promotion activities was 94.1 ± 9.74 out of 100 belonging to “Increasing patients’ trust by providing health promotion services” item and the lowest was 72.2 ± 19.4 out of 100 belonging to “Assessment of patient’s needs for health promotion” item. Conclusion: Hospital managers’ attitudes score was high toward health promotion policies and activities, but there are still problems with health promotion activities, the most important of which is a therapeutic-centered perspective.
Highlights
Hospitals are the most important and largest providers of health services in the health system
Ottawa Charter promoted the idea that “health is created and lived by people within the settings of their everyday life; where they learn, work, play, and love” by considering health as a positive concept. This environmental approach to health promotion which is associated with the settings of everyday life has led to initiatives such as health-promoting cities, health-promoting schools, and health promoting hospitals (HPH), etc. so that the health of people can be promoted in places where they spend most of their time.[3]
The results of content validity ratio (CVR) show that “Health promotion is considered as a form of service”, “Hospital ensures a safe and healthy work environment”, “Organization has a planned approach to continuously work with other levels of health services and other institutions and departments”, and “Health promotion services empower patient to deal with disease and cooperate with healthcare staff ” that are items of the questionnaire with a score smaller than 0.59 based on Lawshe’s Table, and experts did not recognize them as essential items to be included in the final version of the questionnaire
Summary
Hospitals are the most important and largest providers of health services in the health system. Ottawa Charter defines five preferred areas of health promotion activities: building healthy community policy, creating supportive environments for health, strengthening community action for health, developing personal skills, and reorienting health services.[2] Ottawa Charter promoted the idea that “health is created and lived by people within the settings of their everyday life; where they learn, work, play, and love” by considering health as a positive concept This environmental approach to health promotion which is associated with the settings of everyday life has led to initiatives such as health-promoting cities, health-promoting schools, and health promoting hospitals (HPH), etc. Policymaking, planning, implementing, and monitoring of health promotion activities are the requirements of moving toward a healthpromoting hospital,[8,9] and hospital managers’ attitudes toward health promotion policies and programs are important in achieving the mentioned goals
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