Abstract

Students enroll in educational institutions, especially in ESL programs, to add as many values as possible their stay in an institution provides them.Accordingly, educational programs should meet these expectations, and they are also accountable for ensuring the different aspects of their programs are continuously improving based on program evaluation data.Unfortunately, most educational institutions are limited to using conventional courses achievement evaluation instruments, such as quizzes, tests, and final exams. Even though these measurement tools are necessary and vital, they are insufficient to assess students' holistic growth because of students' multifaceted involvement in an international higher educational institution.Therefore, this article using a possible ESL program in U.S.as an example proposes the need to integrate direct, indirect, and value-added assessments in educational programs when international students are assessed. Keywords: Value Added Assessment, Direct, Indirect and Applied Value-Added Assessment, DOI: 10.7176/JLLL/81-04 Publication date: August 31 st 2021

Highlights

  • According to the data compiled by the open door, 94,562 international students were enrolled in U.S community colleges in 2018. (NAFSA, web)

  • A longitudinal study conducted by the International Education Institute ( IIE) has analyzed a total of 15,902 valid student responses for its study entitled "What International Students Think about U.S Higher Education." ( IIE, 2015)

  • Following the fundamental questions,Benjamin(2002:1) raised,it is cogent if I conceptualize value-added as the difference a particular college/ English as a Second Language (ESL) program makes in the international students' English language skills, study skills, and American culture learning and values added in comparison to what these students have already had in these areas

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Summary

Introduction

According to the data compiled by the open door, 94,562 international students were enrolled in U.S community colleges in 2018. (NAFSA, web). 1.1.Purpose of ESL Courses: Higher education institutions in the U.S offer different English language skills courses at beginner, intermediate and advanced levels for international and immigrant students.

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