Abstract
Field Dependence–Independence (FDI) is a widely studied dimension of cognitive styles designed to measure an individual’s ability to identify embedded parts of an organized visual field as entities separate from that given field. The research aims to determine whether the brain activity features that are considered to be perceptual switching indicators could serve as robust features, differentiating Field-Dependent (FD) from Field-Independent (FI) participants. Previous research suggests that various features derived from event related potentials (ERP) and frequency features are associated with the perceptual reversal occurring during the observation of a bistable image. In this study, we combined these features in the context of a different experimental scheme using ambiguous and unambiguous stimuli during participants’ perceptual observations. We assessed the participants’ FD-I classification with the use of the Hidden Figures Test (HFT). Results show that the peak amplitude of the frontoparietal positivity, the late positive deflection in frontal and parietal areas, is higher for the FD group at specific locations of the left lobe, whereas it occurs later for the FD group at the central and occipital electrodes. Additionally, the FD group exhibits higher levels of gamma power before stimulus onset at channel TP10 and higher gamma power during reversal at the right centroparietal electrodes (T8, CP6, and TP10). The peak amplitude of the reversal positivity, the positive deflection during the reversal, is higher for the FD group at the rear right lobe (P4).
Highlights
The Field Dependence – Independence (FDI) concept has been subject of extensive research for over 30 years and is a well-established construct for identifying individuals’ visuospatial and perceptual processing ability (Üstünel et al, 2015)
In order to formulate the grand mean event related potentials (ERP), we averaged the ERPs with respect to the stimulus onset over participants, but
The ERP components that have been identified by previous research to correlate with perceptual reversal can be detected here
Summary
The Field Dependence – Independence (FDI) concept has been subject of extensive research for over 30 years and is a well-established construct for identifying individuals’ visuospatial and perceptual processing ability (Üstünel et al, 2015). An individual’s cognitive learning style refers to the distinguishing manner to acquire, organize, manipulate, and interpret information, and addresses how these interpretations are affecting his/her actions (Hayes and Allinson, 1998) In other words, these cognitive learning styles describe a learner’s approach toward learning. Witkin et al (1971) initially introduced the FDI construct when they developed the Hidden Figures Test (HFT) This psychological task is designed to measure an individual’s ability to identify embedded parts of an organized visual field as separate entities from that given field. According to the underlying theory, there are two different ways of processing information called Field Dependence (FD) and Field Independence (FI) These processing styles relate to two distinct and contrasting learning and teaching methods. The terms ‘cognitive style’ and ‘cognitive ability’ are used interchangeably and treated as synonyms
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