Abstract
Teesta river flood plain is one of the most significant landscapes in Bangladesh. The main theme of this research was to assess the present biogeomorphological state (biomass, herbaceous vegetation species, density of all vegetation species, flood plain extension mapping) of Teesta river flood plain under Gangachara upazila. The research work was conducted based on the objectives to prepare a map of Teesta river flood plain extension area, to estimate herbaceous vegetation (biomass, species types), and to find out the vegetation density to assess the present biogeomorphological state of study area. To present the flood plain area of Teesta river in the Gangachara upazila, base map has been used; herbaceous vegetation samples have been collected through quadrat method to estimate biomass (both in dry and before dry condition) using digital weight machine; vegetation density has been shown through NDVI of satellite image (Landsat-8) using red and NIR band in ArcGIS 10.1 software. From the results of this research, river flood plain area is found 68.5 sq. km; total 31 types of herbaceous species have been identified where Pouzolzia indica is the most dominated species covering 11.59% of the total area; maximum DNs value of NDVI is found +0.475242 which represents the highest vegetation density covering an area of 78 sq. km of the total area. The research may assist for the further study of river flood plain biogeomorphology throughout the country as well as in the world.
Highlights
To present the flood plain area of Teesta river in the Gangachara upazila, base map has been used; herbaceous vegetation samples have been collected through quadrat method to estimate biomass using digital weight machine; vegetation density has been shown through NDVI of satellite image (Landsat-8) using red and NIR band in ArcGIS 10.1 software
From the results of this research, river flood plain area is found 68.5 sq. km; total 31 types of herbaceous species have been identified where Pouzolzia indica is the most dominated species covering 11.59% of the total area; maximum DNs value of NDVI is found +0.475242 which represents the highest vegetation density covering an area of 78 sq. km of the total area
The research work has been conducted based on considering about the biogeomorphological state of Teesta river flood plain in Gangachara upazila, there has been selected the study about mapping of flood plain area, herbaceous vegetation, vegetation density, and where map of Teesta river flood plain extension area has been made using ArcGIS 9.3 software based on the study of base map provided by BWDB
Summary
Study of herbaceous vegetation (biomass, species types) through quadrat method, NDVI, is significantly helpful to bring out the present real scenario of biogeomorphological state of a river flood plain area. Flood plain lies between natural levee and flood basin and is lower in elevation than that of natural levee [3] This is primarily due to periodical floodplain inundation [4], is seasonal recruitment habitat [5] which replenishes the soil nutrients and sustains a high level of landscape diversity. Herbaceous vegetation species’ (density, biomass) study based on satellite imageries provides an idea of river flood plain ecology [11]. Biomass measurement of vegetation (herb, shrub and tree) using quadrat method is an important ecological property to understand the river flood plain landscape pattern [12]. Vegetation types related to basin geomorphology will provide a basis for future restoration planning regarding river flood plain [13]
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