Assessing and Predicting Urban Growth Patterns Using ANN-MLP and CA Model in Jammu Urban Agglomeration, India

Abstract

AbstractGlobally, rapid and haphazard urban growth has induced land use land cover (LULC) transformations in cities and their surroundings. The cities located in the Himalayan foothills have experienced tremendous urban growth in recent years. In this context, urban growth modeling integrated with remote sensing and geoinformatics assists to predict the future urban growth pattern. Therefore, the urban growth pattern of Jammu Urban Agglomeration (UA) from 1991 to 2021 is assessed in this paper. Shannon’s entropy index assesses the trend of built-up expansion in Jammu UA. Further, the upcoming urban growth for the year 2031 was predicted by integrating artificial neural network-multi-layer perceptron (ANN-MLP) and cellular automata (CA) model. The results revealed a substantial rise in built-up land cover while fallow land, vegetation, agriculture, and water body land cover decreased during 1991–2021. The occurrence of dispersed growth in Jammu UA was specified by the entropy index. The predicted urban growth pattern for the year 2031 showcased a further escalation in the built-up land cover while other land cover categories continued declining trend. Overall, such an urban growth pattern is unsustainable for Jammu UA, and there is an urgent requirement of urban containment measures.KeywordsUrban growthUrban growth modelingArtificial neural network-multi-layer perceptronCellular automata