Abstract
As is the case in all type of orchards, agricultural practices should be done on regular and timely basis in Pistachio orchards to get abundant and high-quality products. The agricultural practices applied mainly in pistachio orchards include tillage, irrigation, pruning, fertilization, plant protection, harvesting and post-harvest handling and processing. In this study, the use of machinery and the problems encountered in the application of agricultural practices in pistachio orchards were evaluated in Siirt province of Turkey. Study data were collected with the structured questionnaires during the face-to-face farmer interview, which was conducted in 165 pistachio farms in 2019. The sample size was determined by Stratified sampling method. For analysis of the data, descriptive statistics methods and Chi-square test were employed. It was revealed that the mechanization applications and problems encountered in pistachio production were connected with the processes from soil cultivation to harvest and post-harvest. The results showed that the use of machine power in the pistachio farms in Siirt province is very limited with tillage, spraying and transportation. It was also revealed that the orchard acreage had a statistically significant relationship with the machinery use for almost all agricultural practices except tillage and irrigation methods.
Highlights
Tillage practices Number of tillage per year, tillage time and tools used in tilling of the pistachio orchards are given in Regarding the relationship between the land properties of the pistachio orchards and the equipment used in tillage (Table 8), chi-square test revealed that while there was no significant relationship between size, slope and stoniness of the land and the choice of tillage system, the tillage method used in pistachio orchards had a significant relationship with the type of soil texture (p
Common agricultural practices and mechanization use in pistachio nut production was evaluated in Siirt province of Turkey
The results of the study showed that pistachio nut production has still been conducted according to traditional production systems in the region and the use of machinery is limited to tillage, pest control and transportation
Summary
Pistachio (Pistacia vera L.), which is a subtropical plant belonging to the Anacardiaceae family, is one of the most important export and strategic agricultural product in the world. It is mainly grown in Middle Eastern (e.g. Iran, Turkey, Syria, and Greece), some European (e.g. Italy) and American (e.g. U.S.) countries (Kamali and Owji, 2016). The U.S and Iran are known as the global leaders in the production and the cultivation of pistachios. Turkey and Syria follow the U.S and Iran in pistachio production (Shahbandeh, 2020). The total pistachio production of this region consists of 95% of the total production of Turkey
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