Abstract
Extraction of phytoceuticals from medicinal plants need to be optimized to produce standardized, dose-dependent and reliable extracts to meet food or drug administration regulations for translation into approved nutraceutical or pharmaceutical products. Effect of selected limiting extraction variables on yield and antiradical activity of curcumin-rich extract from Curcuma longa rhizomes was investigated. Assay-guided response (free radical scavenging activity) was used to determine the optimized set of extraction parameters. Curcumin-rich extract was produced using solvent boiling process at 65 oC with absolute methanol of weight ratio 1:50 (w/v) within 1 h. Relative radical scavenging activity of the extract derived using the optimized set of parameters recorded an IC50 of 497 μg/ml and its total antiradical capacity determined within 6 h (76 - 85 % at a concentration of 400 – 600 μg/ml) was not significantly different from that of commercially available natural curcumin used as reference. Time-dependent kinetic analysis revealed an initial fast burst in rate of activity (2.27 – 7.77 min-1) followed by a slow reaction rate in a steady second phase (0.12 – 0.54 min-1). Conclusively, appreciable amount of curcumin-rich extract of enhanced antiradical activity was extracted from the rhizome of C. longa using assay-guided procedure.
Highlights
Curcuma longa L. (Turmeric; Zingiberaceae family) is widely distributed throughout the tropical and subtropical regions (Stankovic, 2004)
Composition and quality of botanical extracts from C. longa are greatly influenced by processing technologies as well as operating conditions
Chemicals Commercially available natural curcumin used as reference was obtained from Santa Cruz Biotechnology (Germany), 2,2-diphenyl-1picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical was purchased from Sigma-Aldrich Chemical Company (USA), while the solvent of extraction methanol, ethanol, chloroform and acetone were from BDH Laboratories (UK)
Summary
Curcuma longa L. (Turmeric; Zingiberaceae family) is widely distributed throughout the tropical and subtropical regions (Stankovic, 2004). (Turmeric; Zingiberaceae family) is widely distributed throughout the tropical and subtropical regions (Stankovic, 2004). It is majorly used as a spice or coloring substance in foods and traditionally in phyto-medicine for treatment of wide range of diseases. Curcumin (diferuloyl methane) is an orange-yellow crystalline hydrophobic polyphenolic constituent of the rhizomes of C. longa. Curcumin and it derivatives such as demethoxycurcumin and bisdemethoxycurcumin are referred to as curcuminoid. Several extraction methods have been used to extract Curcumin from C. longa rhizomes including maceration, supercritical fluid extraction, soxhlet extraction process, microwave assisted process among others (Kulkarni et al, 2012; Mandal et al, 2008; Paulucci et al, 2013; Sogi et al, 2010)
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