Asprosin Levels as New Metabolic Marker for the Early Detection and Diagnosis of Hypothyroidism Complications

Abstract

Introduction: Hypothyroidism is a term used to describe any condition that causes a thyroid hormone shortage, such as hypothalamus or pituitary disease, widespread tissue resistance to thyroid hormones, and thyroid gland diseases. Asprosin is a newly discovered peptide hormone produced by white adipose tissue. It's worth noting that high asprosin levels are linked to insulin resistance. The goal of this study was to determine the levels of asprosin in patients' serum for early hypothyroidism and to see if there was a link between insulin resistance and asprosin in this group of patients. Materials and methods: A case-control study design involved 120 Iraqi subjects, 60 of whom had hypothyroidism (42 females and 18 males) and were compared with 60 healthy adults (45 females and 15 males) whose ages were close to the group of patients ranging from (20 – 60) years. All subjects' serum levels of Asprosin, as well as metabolic indices such as BMI, WHR, (TT3, TT4, TSH), FSG, HOMA-IR, Insulin, QUICKI, (T-CHO, TG, HDL-C, VLDL-C, LDL-C,and zinc, were measured. The findings were subjected to statistical analysis in order to analyze the differences between the groups tested and to determine the relationship between parameters. Results: There was no statistically significant difference in mean age between the patients and the control groups, according to the statistical analysis. In the hypothyroidism patient group, however, mean values of HOMA-IR, T-CHO, TG, LDL-C, VLDL-C, and asprosin were significantly higher than in the control group. TT3, TT4, QUICKI, and HDL-C levels in the blood were considerably lower than in the control group. Asporsin levels in patients had a substantial positive connection with W/H, TT3, and TT4 levels. Conclusions: Hypothyroidism patients had significantly greater levels of Asprosin than the control group, according to the current study. W/H and HOMA-IR have a strong positive association with asprosin levels, while TT3, TT4, and QUICKI have a significant negative correlation. These findings imply that lowering asprosin levels in hypothyroidism patients could be a useful method for treating insulin resistance and T2DM.