Aspirin Use to Prevent Preeclampsia and Related Morbidity and Mortality: US Preventive Services Task Force Recommendation Statement

Abstract

(JAMA. 2021;326:1186–1191) Preeclampsia is a common cause of maternal morbidity and mortality around the world. In the United States, preeclampsia complicates 4% of pregnancies and contributes to 6% of preterm births and 19% of medically indicated preterm births. Preeclampsia is defined by a maternal blood pressure of 140/90 mm Hg or more on 2 separate office visits after 20 weeks of pregnancy, accompanied by maternal proteinuria. Preeclampsia is an inflammatory syndrome that can lead to multiple maternal risks including impaired liver function, thrombocytopenia, renal insufficiency, cerebral or visual disturbances, and pulmonary edema. It can lead to fetal risks including low birth weight, fetal growth restriction, and preterm birth from a lack of blood flow to the placenta. As the placenta develops, it may cause an overactive systemic inflammatory response and oxidative stress resulting in the development of preeclampsia.