Aspirin-free P2Y12 inhibitor monotherapy immediately after percutaneous coronary intervention: A systematic review

Abstract

BackgroundA modified antiplatelet therapy approach after percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI), specifically reducing dual antiplatelet therapy (DAPT) duration and transitioning to P2Y12 inhibitor monotherapy, may offer advantages in terms of bleeding risk reduction. However, the impact of initiating aspirin-free P2Y12 inhibitor monotherapy immediately after PCI is not yet fully understood. MethodsWe systematically searched the PubMed and Embase databases until January 2024 for studies that examined the use of P2Y12 inhibitor monotherapy as a treatment approach without initial DAPT following PCI. ResultsFour single-arm pilot prospective studies and 1 randomized controlled trial were included. In acute coronary syndrome patients with P2Y12 monotherapy following aspirin withdrawal immediately after PCI, the occurrence rates of the primary ischemic and bleeding endpoint were 2.91 % (8 out of 275 patients) and 1.09 % (3 out of 275 patients) respectively, whereas both the incidence rates of the primary ischemic and bleeding endpoints were 0.25 % (1 out of 407 patients) in individuals with stable coronary artery disease. In the STOPDAPT-3 trial comparing the effect of aspirin-free prasugrel monotherapy with standard DAPT after PCI, no differences were found in the primary ischemic or bleeding endpoints and most secondary outcomes (death, stroke, and myocardial infarction). However, there was an increased risk of coronary revascularization and stent thrombosis in the no-aspirin group. ConclusionsSingle-arm studies suggest the safety and feasibility of aspirin-free P2Y12 inhibitor monotherapy without initial DAPT after PCI in selected patients with acute coronary syndrome or stable coronary artery disease. However, the safety and efficacy of this aspirin-free approach compared with standard DAPT strategies following PCI still require further investigation.