Aspiration for acute pilonidal abscess–a cohort study

Abstract

BackgroundThe traditional open incision and drainage of a pilonidal abscess is associated with slow healing and delayed return to normal daily activities. The aim of this study is to assess safety, effectiveness, and patient satisfaction of aspiration followed by antibiotics for a pilonidal abscess. Material and methodsAll patients presenting with an acute pilonidal abscess during the period December 2010 and December 2014 in York Hospital, UK, were treated with bedside aspiration under local anesthetic, followed by oral cefalexin and metronidazole for 7 days. Patients with immunosuppression, diabetes, overlying skin necrosis, and perforation were excluded. Complications of the procedure were prospectively recorded. Long-term outcomes and overall patients' satisfaction were assessed with the use of mailed questionnaires and Visual Analogue Scales (VAS) (0 = not satisfied at all, 10 = very satisfied). ResultsOne hundred sixty-nine patients presented with an acute pilonidal abscess and a total of 100 patients were treated with aspiration and antibiotics. There were 50 women (50%) and the median (interquartile range [IQR]) age of the cohort was 24 (14) years. Eleven patients had a history of a previous pilonidal procedure. Seven patients were treated successfully with a reaspiration. Overall, 10 patients required incision and drainage after a median (IQR) follow-up time of 29 (47) months. Fifty-six patients returned completed questionnaires. The median (IQR) of the VAS for the overall satisfaction of the procedure was 9 (5). ConclusionsAspiration of a pilonidal abscess in selected patients is effective in 83%, and it is associated with high overall satisfaction rates.