Abstract
Lithuania has a sufficiently well-developed road network, the quality of which still falls very much behind the standards used in the EU. The process of pavement distress is gradually accelerated by the following factors: a considerable increase in the amount of heavy vehicles, acceptance of 11.5 t permissible axle load within the EU member-states (10.0 t in the former Soviet Union), overloading of heavy vehicles. Under the influence of the mentioned factors the need for pavement strengthening is very urgent. When preparing this article, several methods for the evaluation and strengthening of asphalt concrete pavement condition were studied: “Deflection method” by Asphalt Institute of USA [1], AASHTO Guide [2], “The method for asphalt concrete pavement condition evaluation” by Vilnius Technical University, OECD recommendations on pavement strengthening [9], EU recommendations COST 324 [3] and COST 325 [4], HDM-III [5] and HDM-4 [6] recommended by the World Bank and a number of scientific articles. On this basis, methodology for Lithuanian conditions was worked out taking into consideration the current technologies for road construction and maintenance. This article describes the evaluation of pavement strength and the need for pavement strengthening, gives the analysis of the effect of pavement strengthening on road evenness. It is suggested that the pavement strength should be evaluated by estimating the Structural Number SN of the existing pavement according to the results of pavement deflections measured by FWD (the authors used “Dynatest 8000 FWD”). The following relationship is suggested for determining thickness of the overlay (see Eq (5)). D ol = 2,54SN ol /α ol = 2,54(SN f —SN e )/α ol , where D ol is thickness of the overlay, cm; SN ol is structural number of the overlay; α ol is structural coefficient of the overlay; SN f is structural number of prospective pavement; SN e is structural number of the existing pavement. The article studies the effect of overlay and pavement regeneration on road evenness. The effect of pavement strengthening on road evenness is to be estimated by the following relationship (see Eq (6)) IRI′ = a 0 + a 1(IRI—a 0)max(a 2—HNEW), where IRI is the measured pavement evenness before the repairs, m/km; HNEW is thickness of the overlay, mm. Experimental investigations of 64 test road sections were carried out and the value of coefficients a 0, a 1 and a2 was determined under the Lithuanian conditions. New coefficients provide the opportunity for a more accurate evaluation of the effect of pavement strengthening on road vehicles and for a more realistic estimation of savings road user's costs due to improved pavement condition. Only on the motorway Vilnius-Kaunas-Klaipėda, when estimating VOC savings according to the suggested method, the difference of 37 m Lt was obtained, if compared to the theoretical methods.
Highlights
Svarbiausias dangos biikl~ ir jos kokyb~ apibiidinantis parametras yra dangos lygumas
On this basis, methodology for Lithuanian conditions was worked out taking into consideration the current technologies for road construction and maintenance
Summary
Svarbiausias dangos biikl~ ir jos kokyb~ apibiidinantis parametras yra dangos lygumas. Dangos lygumo poky6ams didziausic:t itakc:t turi atsirad~ ivairus kelio dangos defektai ir jll didejimas. Projektavimo ir prieziiiros sistemos HDM (Highway development and management) dangll irimo modelyje [6] dangos lygumas po remonto IRI' apskai6uojamas taip: IRI' = ao + a1(IRI- a0 )max(a2 - HNEW); (6). Lygumas pries remont m/km; HNEW - naujo sluoksnio storis, mm. Koeficiento a1 reik~me priklauso nuo senos dangos defektl! PobiidZio; koeficientas a0 turetll biiti lygus vidutiniam naujos (arba rekonstruotos) dangos lygumui; koeficientas a2 parodo, koks naujo sluoksnio storis duotll toki pati efektc:t kelio lygumui kaip ir kelio rekonstrukcija. /Rl ir IRI' priklausomybe, kai /Rl > a0 (dangos lygumas prie~ remontc:t blogesnis nei vidutinis naujos dangos lygumas), yra tiesine (kitu atveju- lauzte). Praktiskai jie skiriasi ir esant skirtingiems ifengto asfaltbetonio sluoksnio storiams, todel galutine koeficiento a1 reiksme yra vidurkis esant skirtingoms sluoksnio storill apskaiCiuotoms reiksmems, t. y.:
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