Abstract
BackgroundIn the list of abiotic stresses, salt stress is a main growth retarding factor which affects 7% of rain-fed while 30% worldwide irrigated agriculture. However, various strategies are assumed to manage this problem, but the use of endophytes is cheap and eco-friendly. The goal of this study was to evaluate the behavior of endophytic Aspergillus awamori (EWF) in creating salt tolerance in mung bean in terms of its seedling growth, biochemical indices, antioxidant enzymes, endogenous IAA, and ionic status of the plant.ResultsThe results revealed that the 150 mM of NaCl reduced seedling growth (seedlings’ weight and length; leaves number), chlorophyll contents, and IAA. On the other hand, proline, polyphenols, flavonoids, tannin, lipid peroxidation, catalase, and ascorbate peroxidase were increased. Inoculation of EWF had promoted the mung bean growth under all tested conditions. EWF enhanced the biomass and IAA contents of the mung bean plants under salt stress. Moreover, EWF-associated mung bean seedlings exhibited low accumulation of stress markers, and Cl, Na, Na/K, and Ca/K ratio, whereas higher concentrations of Ca, Mg, K, N, and P in mung bean seedlings.ConclusionThe results provided a sustainable approach in using endophytic EWF under salt stress, thus concluded that this fungus can be very handy in mung bean as well as other important crop production in saline areas.
Highlights
In the list of abiotic stresses, salt stress is a main growth retarding factor which affects 7% of rain-fed while 30% worldwide irrigated agriculture
Seedling growth performance The results of the present study showed that the application of salt cause significant (p = 0.05) inhibition in plant growth (Fig. 1a and b)
Enhancement in biomass of mung bean associated with A. awamori was noted under control and salt stress conditions (Fig. 1d–f )
Summary
In the list of abiotic stresses, salt stress is a main growth retarding factor which affects 7% of rain-fed while 30% worldwide irrigated agriculture. Salinity greatly affects germination and vigor of the plant species, reduces the growth, development and yield of agricultural crops [20, 31]. The presence of higher amounts of salts in soil may cause various metabolic and physiological disturbances [34, 44], which can lead to low yield and quality of grains. It affects plant’s survival percentage, germination of seeds, and various morphological characteristics [41]. Like other legumes, is rich source of proteins, but salt stress can significantly affect the physicochemical quality of this crop [48]. Mung bean grown in saline soil can accumulate higher amounts of
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