Abstract
Chair and desk are kinds of school furniture that influence for posture. Usage of unergonomically desk and chair will cause musculoskeletal complaint in student. Based on preliminary research conduct to student of ABC elementary school grade 1 and grade 5 with checklist and Standard Nordict Questionnaire (SNQ). Result of checklist in student grade 1 in average stature 115,6 cm mismatch hight of desk and hight of chair with the student. Student grade 5 in average stature 133,7 cm mismacth hight of desk and hight of chair with the student. This cause student musculoskeletal complaints result with SNQ in neck, hand, foot, back, wait, elbow and knee. Unergonomic desk and chair cause bad posture. Mismatch of desk and chair minimalizeted by redesign desk and chair with antropometry of student according to Pahl and Beitz methods. Step of this methods are clarification of task, conseptual design, embodiment design dan detail design. Redesign of school desk and chair result adjustable hight of desk and hight of chair with hight of desk 41,4- 58,9 cm and hight of chair 30,2-40,6 cm. Width of desk 56,3 cm, width of chair 27,3 cm, lenght of chair 39,2 cm and height of backrest 43,5 cm.
Highlights
Chair and desk are kinds of school furniture that influence for posture
Berdasarkan Tabel 1 dapat diketahui bahwa persentase ketidaksesuaian dimensi meja dan kursi sekolah dengan dimensi tubuh siswa tergolong tinggi yaitu berada di atas 70%
Productum: Jurnal Desain Produk (Pengetahuan dan Perancangan Produk), 3(3), 107-112
Summary
Kemampuan penglihatan sangat berpengaruh terhadap aktivitas kehidupan manusia sehari-hari. Berdasarkan penelitian yang dilakukan oleh Chiu et al (2012) di Taiwan, ketidak-ergonomisan meja dan kursi pada sekolah tingkat dasar mengakibatkan sakit pada tulang belakang dikarenakan postur tubuh tidak sesuai dengan furniture yang ada dan mengganggu pertumbuhan tulang pada anak. Penelitian lainnya dilakukan oleh Sutafa et al (2012) di Bali yang menyatakan bahwa anak mengalami keluhan muskuloskeletal utamanya pada leher, bahu, tulang belakang, pinggang, pantat, siku, paha, dan pangkal kaki serta mampu mengurangi konsentrasi anak selama belajar yang diakibatkan oleh ketidakergonomisan meja dan kursi sekolah. Dalam hal ini posisi tubuh siswa membungkuk sehingga siswa sering mengalami keluhan muskuloskeletal yang diukur dengan SNQ dengan kategori agak sakit pada leher bagian atas, tangan kanan, lutut kanan dan kaki kanan. Penelitian ini penting dilakukan untuk meminimalisasi ketidaksesuaian meja dan kursi sekolah terhadap siswa serta untuk mendapatkan hasil desain kursi dan meja yang ergonomis
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