Abstract
Over the past decades, the ageing of our society has become a widespread phenomenon. A continuing increase of the elderly population is particularly present in more developed regions of world. However, demographic changes are soon expected in less developed regions as a consequence of socio-economic development. The paper reports on the development of characteristics of the burden carried by the productive population as the consequence of the demographic ageing of population in the conditions of Slovak and Czech regions. Population was divided into to the age groups and burden on the productive population was analysed using burden coefficients, age index and coefficients describing the dynamics of burden changes, specifically the inflow, outflow and substitution coefficient. The significance of this analysis is based on the fact that ageing influences - to the great extent - the spatial structure of human activities.
Highlights
The aim of study was to comparing the demographic ageing in Czech and Slovak districts, to define the clusters of districts with a similar ageing development, and to determinate position of units with high level of ageing in the state level.In the past years the demographic reproduction in Czechia and Slovakia has not been developing positively, as far as the number of the population or their age structure are concerned (Vošta & Minařík, 2007: pp. 1-5)
In Slovakia as well as Czechia the changes in demographic behavior are visible most significantly in reproductive behavior, which is characterized by the sudden decline of the natural population growth and of the reproduction rates to levels that do not provide for the self-reproduction of the population (Mládek & Káčerová, 2008: pp. 179-197)
To able to describe the demographic situation of the particular Slovak and Czech districts comprehensively and to create groups of districts with similar aging development, aggregate analysis method of following factors: crude live birth rate, crude death rate, natural increase/decrease, average age, young population dependency ratio, old population dependency ratio, ageing index, age index, inflow and outflow coefficient, percentage of 0 – 19 years old in total population, percentage of 65 years and over in total population were used
Summary
The aim of study was to comparing the demographic ageing in Czech and Slovak districts, to define the clusters of districts with a similar ageing development, and to determinate position of units with high level of ageing in the state level. In the past years the demographic reproduction in Czechia and Slovakia has not been developing positively, as far as the number of the population or their age structure are concerned As a basis, a point method was used when for each indicator a districts is found, in which the relevant indicator reaches the maximum value (if the indicator value growth is a progressive phenomenon) or the minimum value (if the indicator value decrease is desirable). The sum of points characterizes the districts level rom the given viewpoint and enables to form and order, respectively groups of countries with a similar development The sum of points characterizes the districts level rom the given viewpoint and enables to form and order, respectively groups of countries with a similar development (Jílek & el., 2001: pp. )
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