Abstract
Market economy is the basis of commodity-money relations, the nature of which is determined by objective economic laws. Market relations began to take shape at the dawn of civilization and went through more than a thousand-year path of development. Historically, two types of market relations. The first was spontaneously composed of scattered and uncoordinated actions of the producer and the consumer. The second is the complete opposite of the first: the state, through the introduction of prices, taxes, interest rates, profits, rents, subsidies and other instruments, has made market relations focused. The world experience and experience of Uzbekistan indicate that the market economy is developing according to objective laws that do not depend on anyone's will, and their ignoring is fraught with serious negative consequences. At present, market relations are the main form of existence of the world economy.
Highlights
The commodity producer is the owner of the goods produced and he has the right to dispose of the goods;
A market economy does not recognize a monopoly on production, its driving force is healthy competition;
The world experience and experience of Uzbekistan indicate that the market economy is developing according to objective laws that do not depend on anyone's will, and their ignoring is fraught with serious negative consequences
Summary
The market economy has the following features: - the producer, whether an individual or a team, carries out independent economic activities; • the commodity producer is the owner or tenant of property, since he realizes his right to work through the right to private property; • the commodity producer is the owner of the goods produced and he has the right to dispose of the goods; • the fate of a product that has entered the market is decided as a result of free bargaining, on one side of which is the manufacturer of the product, and on the other side its buyer; • a market economy does not recognize a monopoly on production, its driving force is healthy competition; • conditions on the commodity market are dictated not by the producer, but by the consumer, since the commodity is intended for him, for which he usually pays for money; the manufacturer makes a profit and the right to exist, subject to the satisfaction of the needs of the buyer; • a product that has entered the market of goods and services acquires additional value, since time is spent on its sale, or rather, the labor of the seller; • demand determines supply: goods that are in high demand produce higher profits, which stimulates the development of a particular industry or agricultural production; • in a market economy, producers and other members of society, depending on the income received, form a particular social group. Market relations in Uzbekistan are rooted in deep antiquity. According to the testimony of historical documents, a thousand years ago, merchants of Samarkand, Bukhara and Khiva exported beautiful and sturdy, and therefore competitive goods to India, China, the Middle East, Russia and Western Europe, which stimulated local production. The world experience and experience of Uzbekistan indicate that the market economy is developing according to objective laws that do not depend on anyone's will, and their ignoring is fraught with serious negative consequences. After gaining independence, Uzbekistan followed the path followed by the entire world civilization. The market economy develops everywhere and always according to the same laws, which, however, does not exclude the peculiarities of its formation in various countries. The latter is due to a number of reasons, among which are the natural and climatic conditions, the historical features of the structure of the national economic complex, traditions and customs, the whole mentality of a given people, and so on.
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