Abstract
Sexual differentiation, like all other fetal differentiation processes, proceeds in several consecutive steps (Fig. 1). The first step, the determination of the genetic sex, is completed at the moment of fertilization. The establishment of the gonadal sex is the next step. Which factors cause the gonad to develop into either a testis or an ovary is still a much debated question awaiting final clarification. In male fetuses, all further sexual development takes place thenceforth under the endocrine control of the testis. In female fetuses, only the absence of endocrine activity of the gonad is consistent with further normal sexual differentiation.
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