Abstract
The paper describes a new lead-free environmentally friendly free-machining structural steel alloyed containing ∼0.25% tin. The following quality characteristics of cast and hot-worked steel are determined: mechanical properties; austenite grain size; contamination with non-metallic inclusions. The results of atomic emission analysis showed that tin is uniformly distributed in the ingot and forged rods. Tin in this amount does not have detrimental effect on mechanical properties after heat treatment, and the values of ultimate and yield tensile strength, characteristics of plasticity and toughness satisfy standard requirements for the base steel. Austenite grain size is not greater than ASTM number 8. Nitrogen and oxygen content is at the same level or lower than that in the analogous steels. The production of lead-free environmentally friendly free-machining structural steel is not accompanied with pollution of working area with harmful substances in amounts exceeding maximum permissible concentrations, unlike lead-bearing steels.
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