Abstract
Introduction: Sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 (SGLT2i) inhibitors effectively improve glycemic control and reduce body weight and cardiovascular risk. Currently, they have clear indications of heart failure and diabetic nephropathy.Objective of the review: The present narrative study aims to describe the biochemical mechanisms involved in the beneficial effects of SGLT2i in ERD and its new indications in heart failure and chronic kidney disease. Essential points of the review:• SGLT2 i also has direct myocardial effects, which include the reduction of ventricular hypertrophy, the inhibitionof sympathetic tone, and the natriuretic impact, which produces a decrease in systolic blood pressure of 5 mmHg.• Metabolic effects include a decrease in serum lipids, a weight loss of 3 kilos in 6 months, and a decrease in adiposetissue at the liver level with continuous fat mass loss.• Other experimental uses are applied in the field of cognitive impairment in diabetic patients. Conclusion: With a diverse therapeutic effect, not limited to the single mechanism of lowering blood glucose levels, SGLT2i has new innovative indications.
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