Aspectos bioéticos na prevenção da transmissão vertical e manejo do tratamento com antirretrovirais em gestantes portadoras de HIV/AIDS no Brasil

Abstract

In 2012, the United Nations Organization together with the World Health Organization reported that by the end of 2011 there would be about 34 million infected with the human immunodeficiency virus worldwide. Among other forms, the vertical transmission has been a focus of attention in the sense that there has been an increase in cases of infection in women. In this context, this study aims to present antiretroviral treatment in pregnant women with HIV/AIDS, as well as to discuss the bioethical aspects related to the prevention of vertical transmission. In 1994, protocol 076 showed that the use of zidovudine in pregnant women who had the virus during prenatal and childbirth and in the baby during the first six weeks of life, reduced the transmission of the virus by 2/3 for children. Subsequently, the Ministry of Health adopted measures to reduce the incidence of vertical transmission. Nowadays the doctor can make use of guidelines and must use the treatments available for the good of the patients, according to their capacity and judgment, according to the hippocratic tradition, provided that are adequately measured the risks that such medicines can promote to the pregnant woman and to the baby.