Aspect-Aware Target Detection and Localization by Wireless Sensor Networks.

Li Hu,Shilian Wang,Eryang Zhang

doi:10.3390/s18092810

Abstract

This paper considers the active detection of a stealth target with aspect dependent reflection (e.g., submarine, aircraft, etc.) using wireless sensor networks (WSNs). When the target is detected, its localization is also of interest. Due to stringent bandwidth and energy constraints, sensor observations are quantized into few-bit data individually and then transmitted to a fusion center (FC), where a generalized likelihood ratio test (GLRT) detector is employed to achieve target detection and maximum likelihood estimation of the target location simultaneously. In this context, we first develop a GLRT detector using one-bit quantized data which is shown to outperform the typical counting rule and the detection scheme based on the scan statistic. We further propose a GLRT detector based on adaptive multi-bit quantization, where the sensor observations are more precisely quantized, and the quantized data can be efficiently transmitted to the FC. The Cramer-Rao lower bound (CRLB) of the estimate of target location is also derived for the GLRT detector. The simulation results show that the proposed GLRT detector with adaptive 2-bit quantization achieves much better performance than the GLRT based on one-bit quantization, at the cost of only a minor increase in communication overhead.

Highlights

Wireless sensor networks (WSNs) have received considerable attention due to their applicability to reconnaissance, surveillance, security, and environmental monitoring [1,2]
This paper considered the aspect-aware target detection and localization in a wireless sensor networks (WSNs), where the analysis focused on the aspect and distance dependent target reflection model
The generalized likelihood ratio test (GLRT) detector based on one-bit quantization was proposed to simultaneously achieve target detection and localization

Summary

Introduction

Wireless sensor networks (WSNs) have received considerable attention due to their applicability to reconnaissance, surveillance, security, and environmental monitoring [1,2]. In a detection system based on WSN, centralized and decentralized frameworks are two typical setups for information transmission from sensors to the fusion center (FC) which is in charge of making the final decision [5]. The centralized setup amounts to instantaneous high-precision communication between sensors and the FC [6], which is impractical for WSNs due to the stringent bandwidth and energy constraints. To address this issue, decentralized schemes that allow sensors to transmit a few condensed information bits to the FC, are of significant interest. These quantization schemes only work under the assumptions of Gaussian noise and a single unknown parameter

Results

Discussion

Conclusion