Abstract
AbstractOchratoxin A (OTA) is a mycotoxin produced by ubiquitous Aspergilli, mainly by Aspergillus ochraceus and also by Penicillium verrucosum. It is found all over the world in feed and Human food and blood as well as in animal blood and tissues.The most threatening effects of OTA are nephrotoxicity and carcinogenicity, since this mycotoxin is nephrotoxic to all animal species studied so far and is increasingly involved in the Balkan Endemic Nephropathy (BEN) a human chronic interstitial nephropathy which is most of the time associated to urinary tract tumours.Many data are available on the different mechanisms whereby OTA is absorbed, transported, distributed, metabolised, accumulated and/or eliminated in vivo. Its molecular mode of action in vivo and in vitro in the inhibition of total protein synthesis and of a specific protein such as renal phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase (PEPCK) are also well documented.There are evidence of the implication of oxidative pathways in the OTA-induced cellular damage...
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