Ashwagandha: Ancient Medicine for Modern Times

Abstract

Ashwagandha (Withania somnifera Dunal) is a popular Indian medicinal plant and has been used for over 3000 years in Ayurvedic medicine to treat diverse range of diseases. Ashwagandha is a member of the class of herbs called rasayana, long prized for rejuvenating effects on health. It is believed that it assists body to respond appropriately to stressors, both acute and chronic [1]. The plant was first mentioned in English language text by Van Rheede in 1868, who described the use of its leavesin home ointments. Other parts of the Ashwagandha plant, including roots, shoots, seeds, and berries have also been used in daily tonics and various home remedy recipes to increase health and longevity [2]. The plant is a source of unique alkaloids and withanolides that have been shown to act as steroidal hormones and antioxidants with favorable impacts on human health [3]. Several recent studies have provided evidence for its anti-stress, antioxidant, analgesic, anti-inflammatory, anti-cancer, cardioprotective adaptogenic, anti spasmodic,immunomodulatory and immunostimulant activity [4-10]. Withaferin A (WA) is the most abundant compound in W.