ASHP national survey of pharmacy practice in hospital settings: Prescribing and transcribing-2019.

Abstract

Results of the 2019 ASHP national survey of pharmacy practice in hospital settings are presented. Pharmacy directors at 4,863 general and children's medical/surgical hospitals in the United States were surveyed using a mixed-mode method of contact by email and mail. Survey completion was online, using an online survey application. IQVIA supplied data on hospital characteristics; the survey sample was drawn from the IMS Health hospital database. The response rate was 10.8%. Pharmacists are increasingly managing medication use in the areas of vancomycin therapy, antibiotic selection and dosing, and anticoagulation. Electronic health record (EHR) decision support is guiding prescribing, and nearly 50% of hospitals are customizing drug warnings. Adoption of compounding technology continues, with 43.6% of hospitals using technology in their sterile compounding processes. Nearly half of hospitals have active opioid stewardship programs, and pharmacists are leading these efforts. Specialty pharmacy operations are growing in health systems. Human resource commitments to support new services are increasing; however, vacancy rates for technicians are challenging. Staff credentialing continues to expand for pharmacist and technicians. Pharmacists continue to assume greater responsibility for writing medication orders, dosing, ordering laboratory tests, and monitoring outcomes. Health-system pharmacists are taking a leading role in addressing the opioid crisis, advancing safety in compounded sterile preparations through adoption of intravenous workflow technologies, and optimizing EHR applications to leverage clinical decision support tools to improve the safe prescribing and use of medications.