Abstract
BackgroundAcute inflammatory polyradiculoneuropathy secondary to chemotherapy for leukemia has been described in the pediatric literature. However, the reports are rare and have been mainly from intrathecal methotrexate in pediatric acute lymphoblastic leukemia patients who developed demyelinating polyradiculoneuropathy.Case presentationA case report is presented of an unfortunate 53 year old Hispanic woman with acute myelogenous leukemia who developed profound weakness with cranial nerve palsies following both intravenous and intrathecal chemotherapy.ConclusionThis is an interesting and unusual case of predominantly axonal ascending sensory motor polyradiculoneuropathy with cranial nerve involvement in an adult patient with acute myelogenous leukemia following intravenous Cytosine arabinoside and intrathecal methotrexate.
Highlights
Acute inflammatory polyradiculoneuropathy secondary to chemotherapy for leukemia has been described in the pediatric literature
A case report is presented of sensory motor axonal polyradiculoneuropathy with ascending paralysis and cranial nerve involvement in an adult patient with acute myelogenous leukemia (AML) following both intrathecal methotrexate and intravenous Cytosine arabinoside (ARA-C)
Rolf and colleagues reported on two pediatric patients with acute lymphoblastic leukemia who developed ascending motoric paraplegia (AMP) following intrathecal chemotherapy
Summary
There have been occasional pediatric case reports, this is an interesting case of ascending sensory motor polyradiculoneuropathy with cranial nerve involvement in an adult patient with AML following intravenous ARA-C and intrathecal methotrexate. The polyradiculoneuropathy appears to have been secondary to predominant axonal loss rather than demyelination as reported in most other studies
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