Ascendancy of betle leaf in the metabolism on trophoblasts

Abstract

Introduction and Aim: Pregnancyis a physiological state to sustain the developing fetus accompanied with high-energy demand and an increased oxygen requirement, associated with diverse metabolic and vascular changes in the maternal system. Oxygen is crucial for the proper proliferation and differentiation of trophoblast, the principal cells of the transient organ placenta. Placental hypoxia/ischemia results in the dysregulation in the physiological and metabolic activities of trophoblast. Readily available, cost-effective pharmacological herbal preparation betle leafmay be helpful in the development of novel therapeutic interventions to manage the maternal complication like hypertension and fetal growth restrictions resulting in low-birth-weight babies. This has raised the concern to ascertain the ascendancy of salivary and diastase extracts of betle leafon theexpression of leptin, adiponectin and CYP19A1 inplacental trophoblast metabolism. Methodology: Subjecting the placental trophoblast to in vitro hypoxia may highlight the crucial role of oxygen and impact of betle leaf extracts in altering the various metabolic markers. Results: Both the extracts modulate the levels of leptin, adiponectin and CYP19A1in regulating energy metabolism and oxidation process. Conclusion: This study also suggests that differential expression leptin, adiponectin and CYP19A1, influences this energy imbalance in response to the stress stimuli such as the hypoxiaand its relationship with feto-placental metabolism and fetal growth. The ascendancy of betle leaf extracts on the metabolism of trophoblasts requires sufficient oxygen is inferred from the in vitro hypoxic study.