AS GUIANAS E O BRASIL DA CONTENÇÃO À CONTINENTALIZAÇÃO, OU PERIGOS E VANTAGENS DE UMA INTERFACE CARIBENHA E EUROPEIA (Guianas and Brazil, from the containment to the continentalization, or perils and advantages of a Caribbean and European interface)

Abstract

Depois de seculos de isolamento reforcado pelos receios do Brasil em relacao a situacao politica do Caribe durante a Guerra fria, as Guianas (Republica da Guiana, Suriname e Guiana francesa), depois de uma integracao informal por fluxos ilicitos, estao agora entrando num processo de continentalizacao, participando de projetos de integracao continental na America do Sul, concretizado pela construcao de pontes fronteiricas com o Brasil. Foi de fato este Estado que percebeu a situacao de interface privilegiada, num mundo cada vez mais globalizado, destes territorios entre a America do Sul, o Caribe e a Uniao Europeia. Palavras-chave: Guianas; Amazonia; territorialidade; fronteira; integracao regional. ABSTRACT After centuries of isolation increased by Brazil’s fears because the political situation of Caribbean during the Cold War, the Guianas (Guyana, Suriname and French Guiana), after an informal integration with illicit exchanges, are yet going into a continentalization process with continental integration projects in South America, materialized by the construction of border bridges with Brazil. By the way, this state understood, in an always more globalized world, the privileged situation of interface for theses territories between South America, Caribbean and European Union. Key-words: Guianas; Amazonia; territoriality; boundary; regional integration. RESUME Apres des siecles d’un isolement renforce par les craintes du Bresil envers la situation politique de la Caraibe pendant la Guerre froide, les Guyanes (Guyana, Surinam et Guyane francaise), apres une integration informelle par des flux illicites, entament maintenant un processus de continentalisation, par la participation a des projets d’integration continentale en Amerique du Sud concretise par la construction de ponts frontaliers avec le Bresil. Ce fut de fait cet Etat qui percut le mieux la situation d’interface privilegiee, en pleine mondialisation, de ces territoires entre Amerique du Sud, Caraibe et Union Europeenne. Palabras clave: Guyanes ; Amazonie; territorialite; frontiere; integration regionale. DOI: 10.5654/actageo2013.0715.0002