Artistic anatomy affecting the aesthetic perception of face morphometry

Abstract

Throughout history, artistic anatomy has been a branch of science that studies the outer shape of the body, body projection and movements. Artistic anatomy has existed in art history and art theory. Examination of the outer body shapes and creating works of art on this basis requires the measurement of various lengths in the body and dividing them. As a consequence various equations and proportions are set forth. All the artists involved with fine arts like painting and sculpture are talking about an optimum ratio of beauty (canons). However, no univer­sal criteria have been established. Also, it is believed that there is a relationship in terms of facial beauty among the ratios related to nose. Some sug­gest this to be the perception of beauty and this balance is linked to the golden ratio. At this point, some people mention the golden ratio, which has been applied for centuries in physics and mathematics. The ratio, which was used in the works of artists, is mentioned frequently in the field of plastic and reconstructive surgery today. These ratios were handled are the subject of our study. The effects of these ratios were determined on people of present times. For this purpose, first a questionnaire was prepared. It contained two parts. The first part con­tained demographic information and the second part measured aesthetic perception. As part of the aesthetic per­ception survey, the questionnaire included measurements in three sections. Each section contained four pictures with a total of 12 pictures. These pictures were prepared with the help of professional artists. They included, for example, changing the width of the nose. Second, 384 volunteers were chosen for our study. These people were be­tween 18 and 65 years of age. The volunteers did not have any communication problems and filled out our ques­tionnaire. Evaluating the resulting data, we noticed that the proportions of the nose had an effect on perception of the facial aesthetics. As it is known, according to some people, these proportions represent beauty. Are these proportion re­ally representative of beauty according to the people today? This issue was examined. In this way, the effect of this factor was established, as well as the proportions determining beauty according to the interviewed individuals. The study found that the following were relevant: nose-index - 55.2%, naso-orbital index - 79.4%, naso-oral index - 79.4%. The results of this study have shown that these proportions represent beauty. Based on the obtained re­sults we believe that we have objective information about aesthetic perception. Science, art and society were giv­en more information about these ratios. We have provided knowledge for artists and surgeons. Using it we could contribute to more successful operations, especially in the field of plastic and reconstructive surgery.