Abstract
Interest in artificial recharge of groundwater using pretreated wastewater continues to increase, especially in semi-arid countries. After the artificial recharge and natural treatment, the water could be extracted through boreholes pumping for direct irrigation. The selection of suitable locations for artificial recharge should be based on hydrogeological conditions, economic evaluation and environmental considerations. Clogging of boreholes that are used for artificial recharge is a serious problem and requires proper planning to reduce it. This paper deals with the investigation of the possibilities and prospects of aquifer recharge via boreholes using treated wastewater. Firstly, the aquifer recharge techniques, the proposed criteria of waste and the clogging effect are presented. Secondly, the possibility of application of artificial recharge in the South-Eastern Mesaoria aquifer of Cyprus is examined. Based on hydrogeological results, artificial recharge using tertiary treated wastewater via boreholes is one of the options available for increasing the groundwater reserves of this aquifer. The recycled water will infiltrate through gravel pack, providing favorable conditions for ventilation and laminar flow due to small water flow velocity. The treatment works include the removal of the fat, oil and grease (FOG) and cyanides (CN−) content in order to meet the upper acceptable limits.
Highlights
Groundwater is under strong human pressures in many countries
The use of groundwater resources has become intensive in coastal areas during the last decades with intense urbanization, touristic development and irrigated land expansion
The objective of this paper is to investigate the possibilities and prospects of aquifer recharge via boreholes using treated wastewater
Summary
Groundwater is under strong human pressures in many countries Such pressures include changes in land use, urbanization, intensive agriculture and water demand increase and can cause severe degradation of the quality and quantity of groundwater resources [1]. Many aquifer systems are reported to be affected by depletion and quality deterioration (salinization and nitrate pollution) due to irrational management For this reason recycled water is a new source of water that must be taken into account in planning integrated water resources management [2]. Artificial recharge using treated wastewater in depleted aquifers, via deep boreholes, is an internationally acceptable practice, which is compatible with the 2000/60/EC directive and may contribute to cover a part of irrigation needs, as well as the sustainable water resources management in many areas [7]. The clogging effect and the possibility of application of artificial recharge in the South-Eastern Mesaoria aquifer (Cyprus), using reclaimed wastewater is examined
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