Artificial Neural Networks Applied for Simultaneous Analysis of Mixtures of Nitrophenols by Conductometric Acid–Base Titration

Abstract

In this study, the simultaneous conductometric titration method for determination of mixtures of 4-nitrophenol, 2,4-dinitrophenol, and 2,4,6- trinitrophenol based on principal component artificial neural network (ANN) calibration model was proposed. The three-layered feed-forward ANN trained by back-propagation learning was used to model the complex nonlinear relationship between the concentration of 4-nitrophenol, 2,4-dinitrophenol, and 2,4,6-trinitrophenol in their ternary mixtures and the conductance of the solutions at different volumes of titrant. The principal components of the conductance matrix were used as the input of the network. The network architecture and parameters were optimized to give low prediction error. The optimized networks predicted the concentrations of nitrophenols in synthetic mixtures. The results showed that the used ANN can proceed the titration data with low relative prediction errors (5.53%, 4.03%, and 4.71% for 4-nitrophenol, 2,4-dinitrophenol, and 2,4,6-trinitrophenol, re...