Abstract
Aircraft pollutant emissions are an important part of sources of pollution that directly or indirectly affect human health and ecosystems. This research suggests an Artificial Neural Network model to determine the healthy risk level around Soekarno Hatta International Airport-Cengkareng Indonesia. This ANN modeling is a flexible method, which enables to recognize highly complex non-linear correlations. The network was trained with real measurement data and updated with new measurements, enhancing its quality and making it the ideal method for this research. Measurements of aircraft pollutant emissions are carried out with the aim to be used as input data and to validate the developed model. The obtained results concerned the improved ANN architecture model based on pollutant emissions as input variables. ANN model processes variables—hidden layers—and gives an output variable corresponding to a healthy risk level. This model is characterized by a 4-10-1 scheme. Based on ANN criteria, the best validation performance is achieved at epoch 28 from 34 epochs with the Mean Squared Error (MSE) of 9 × 10 −3 . The correlation between targets and outputs is confirmed. It validated a close relationship between targets and outputs. The network output errors value approaches zero. Further research is needed with the aim to enlarge the scheme of the ANN model by increasing its input variables. This is one of the major key defining environmental capacities of an airport that should be applied by Indonesian airport authorities. These would institute policies to manage or reduce pollutant emissions considering population and income growth to be socially positive.
Highlights
The continuing growth in air traffic and increasing public awareness have made environmental considerations one of the most critical aspects of commercial aviation
Based on ANN criteria, the best validation performance is achieved at epoch 28 from 34 epochs with the Mean Squared Error (MSE) of 9 × 10−3
Aircraft engine emissions are roughly composed of about 70% CO2, a little less than 30% H2O, and less than 1% each of NOx, CO, SOx, volatile organic compounds (VOCs), particulates, and other trace components including HAPs
Summary
The continuing growth in air traffic and increasing public awareness have made environmental considerations one of the most critical aspects of commercial aviation. Aircraft engine emissions are roughly composed of about 70% CO2, a little less than 30% H2O, and less than 1% each of NOx, CO, SOx, VOC, particulates, and other trace components including HAPs. Aircraft emissions, depending on whether they occur near the ground or at altitude, are primarily considered local air quality pollutants or greenhouse gases [4,5]. About 10% of aircraft emissions of all types, except hydrocarbons and CO [6], are produced during airport ground level operations and during landing and takeoff. SOx-Sulfur oxides are produced when small quantities of sulfur, present in essentially all hydrocarbon fuels, combine with oxygen from the air during combustion [4,8]. Artificial Neural Network Modeling of Healthy Risk Level Induced by Aircraft guidance [1, 2,11,12] and is expected to best reflect actual aircraft emissions
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