Abstract

Enhanced understanding of cellular microRNA (miRNA) biogenesis machinery has allowed researchers to engineer synthetic or artificial miRNAs (amiRNAs) that can be designed to direct efficient silencing of any transcript. The amiRNA technology has not only widened the existing gene silencing tool kit but also offers several distinct improvements over existing RNAi approaches, primarily based on siRNA generating hairpin RNA precursors. amiRNAs have already been applied to a wide range of agricultural and medical applications. This chapter discusses various aspects of miRNA processing, design principles of amiRNA expression vectors and their application.

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