Abstract
The overall design of tubular membrane oxygenators is considered for three blood conditions: that of a normal adult, haemodiluted adult and new-born. Variations in blood viscosity and oxygen transfer due to the Fahraeus-Lindquist effect are taken into account as well as fabrication variables, including blood header length, potted tube length and packing density of the tubes. For a laminar rectilinear flow, 50 mm Hg≤pressure drop≤200 mm Hg, and practical fabrication parameters, there exists a range of tube diameters from 150 μm to 200 μm which give a minimum priming volume and small blood distribution (header) area. The analysis indicates that, with current construction techniques, low-pressure loss oxygenators are not feasible for adult total-bypass requirements. Such units can be practicable if transfer rates are increased with secondary mixing of the blood. For example, a threefold increase in the transfet rate reduces priming volume and header area by 50% of the unmixed flow values.
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