Abstract
Opportunistic network is emerging as a research domain nowadays with the introduction of Internet of things phenomena. In recent years, storage level congestion issue due to handheld devices is considered as a key challenge to be handled in the opportunistic networks. The prime objective of conducting this research is to develop artificial intelligence rule-based fire engine model to be tested using artificial intelligence latest classification algorithms further implemented using ONE simulator tool over MaxProp protocol. The achieved results show 98% accuracy in terms of classification using k-fold validation technique over six algorithms. The achieved results have been compared with MaxProp protocol over evaluation parameters such as delivery ratio, throughput, routing load, and overhead; whereas delivery ratio increase about 20% for node level and 5% for buffer level and throughput tends to increase 500 and 150 kbps for network and buffer levels, respectively.
Highlights
Delivery ratio in opportunistic network would be increased by keeping an eye on key parameters that affect node level congestion directly such as time to live (TTL), number of copies, number of hop count and contact history between the peers in the opportunistic networks.[7]
The authors in this study have introduced a dynamic scheme where a routing decision could be taken adaptably according to situation by routing agent over bundle protocol for both ad hoc on-demand distance vector (AODV) and delay tolerant network (DTN) using transmission control protocol (TCP)
Throughput for MaxProp protocol was 1620 kbps and for Artificial intelligence–based rule-based fire engine (AIbRBFE), it was 1900 kbps, but when the buffer size increased from 3 MB to 12 MB, throughput for AIbRBFE has
Summary
An emerging research area that encompasses communication challenges in opportunistic networks is due to its intermittent connectivity and lengthy postpone in the network; for this reason, the Internet congestion control mechanisms are not suitable for opportunistic networks. Packet delivery ratio and transmission delay are the key challenges faced in such types of network.[1] Short range wireless communications such as Wi-Fi, Zigbee and Bluetooth, has introduced a new concept of communication known as opportunistic networks (OppNets) or pocket switch network (PSN).[2] In such networks, nodes exchange data using store carry and forward mechanics whenever they came in range of another device that is why it is called opportunistic networks.[3] Due to limited storage capacity of handheld devices in 4G or 5G networks by the end user, only limited amount of data can be transferred. Nodes in 5G networks are, difficult to implement peer-topeer communication for data exchange, so a new emerging type of communication via identifying suitable relay node as custodian node using store and forward mechanism is identified for bundle exchange between peers when a best opportunity is found in terms of storage and connectivity.[4]
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