ARTIFICIAL HYBRIDIZATION WITHOUT EMASCULATION IN LIMA BEAN (Phaseolus lunatus L.)

Antônia Maria De Cassia Batista De Sousa Sousa,Ellida De Aguiar Silvestre,Regina Lucia Ferreira Gomes,Angela Celis De Almeida Lopes,Raimundo Nonato Oliveira Silva,Verônica Brito Da Silva

doi:10.1590/1983-21252022v35n123rc

Antônia Maria De Cassia Batista De Sousa Sousa, Ellida De Aguiar Silvestre + Show 4 more

Open Access

https://doi.org/10.1590/1983-21252022v35n123rc

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Abstract

ABSTRACT This study aimed to validate the artificial hybridization without emasculation in lima beans, identifying F1 generation using microsatellite markers (SSR). We used four accessions from the Active Germplasm Bank of Phaseolus, Universidade Federal do Piauí (BGP-UFPI), with contrasting growth habits and days-to-maturity traits. The 241 crosses performed had a percentage of hybrid pods of 5.8%, obtaining 42 seeds in F1. Artificial cross-fertilization was confirmed by microsatellite markers (BM 211, BM 141, BM 154, and GAT 591), and four plants were identified as hybrids. Thus, the proposed method is effective in performing artificial crosses for lima beans.

Highlights

Lima bean (Phaseolus lunatus L.) is the second most important socioeconomic species of the genus Phaseolus (ORMEÑO ORRILLO et al, 2015)
The experiment was conducted under Sombrite® protective screen with 40% shading intensity, in the Plant Science Department of the Universidade Federal do Piauí (UFPI), in the city of Teresina, Piauí State, Brazil
Artificial crossings in lima beans can be performed both in the morning and in the afternoon

Summary

Introduction

Lima bean (Phaseolus lunatus L.) is the second most important socioeconomic species of the genus Phaseolus (ORMEÑO ORRILLO et al, 2015). In Brazil, it is used as a food source in the form of green or ripe grains, besides being an income option for small producers (GRANJA et al, 2019). The states of Ceará, Pernambuco, Paraíba, Maranhão, Rio Grande do Norte, Piauí, Sergipe, Alagoas, and Bahia, in descending order, are the largest producers, and together make the Northeast the largest producing region, with 18,882.36 tons of grain (IBGE, 2018). The cultivation in the Northeast has been evolving with the use of new technologies and cultivation in larger areas. It still occurs in a rustic way since there is no availability of improved cultivars, due to the lack of an adequate hybridization method, which hinders a breeding program. Data on its floral biology and pollination are limited and, in Brazil, there are practically no studies on these themes (PENHA et al, 2017)

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