Artificial General Intelligence and Autonomous Humanoid Robotics

Abstract

AbstractRelevant to the principles of innovation and policy/governance, the purpose of this chapter is to start a new research program, the neurobiological political economy of artificial general intelligence (AGI) and autonomous humanoid robotics (AHR). It is anticipated to contribute to both the expansion of new knowledge as well as to provide a framework for governance regarding robotic communication with humans (including the aged, the young, the infirm and many others). We use core general principles of institutional and evolutionary political economy to study the development of AGI-AHR and the philosophy and micro-meso design principles of traditional-old school and embodied cognition new school of artificial intelligence (AI). The (1–2) principles of innovation and policy/governance and the other six global-macro-meso-micro principles utilised for the task, and which collectively represent a type of complex-systems analysis, include also (3) heterogeneous groups and agents, (4) historical specificity and evolution, (5) hegemony & uneven development, (6) circular and cumulative causation (CCC), (7) contradiction and (8) uncertainty. In the first main section the principles of historical specificity, hegemony and uneven development, plus heterogeneous groups and agents, are used to situate the two schools, plus AGI and AHR, within the context of and, the history of AI, especially during 1950–2020. The second main section utilises the principles of CCC and uncertainty to situate and critically examine the principles of the two schools of AI, which are identified as ‘philosophy’ and ‘micro-meso design’ principles of AI political economy. The principle of contradiction is employed in the third main section to isolate whether the conflicts and antagonisms between the two main schools of AI may be potentially resolved. The fourth section seeks an alternative resolution by integrating the new school with neurorobotics through the creation of CCC-emergence-complexity brain-body-environment embodied cognition AGI and AHR. A conclusion summarizes and presents areas for future research for policy and innovation purposes.KeywordsArtificial general intelligenceAutonomous humanoid roboticsOld school AINew school AIPrinciplesHeterogeneous groups & agentsHistorical specificity & evolutionCircular & cumulative causation Contradiction Neurobiological political economy Innovation Policy & governance