Abstract
The membranous fragments between cell walls and plasma membranes were examined ultrastructurally, quantitatively, and histochemically in water- or AK-toxin-treated susceptible Japanese pear leaves fixed with the conventional double fixation (GA-Os) method using glutaraldehyde (GA) and osmium tetroxide (OsO4) or the special, single mixing fixation (GA+Os) method using a mixture of GA and OsO4. Irrespective of chemical fixation used, two types of membranous fragments, myelinated and vesiculated fragments, appeared in the water- or toxin-treated leaves although the volume varied in the treatments. GA-Os method produced considerable volume of membranous fragments in the water-treated leaves while GA+Os method was effective to suppress extremely the occurrence. The results showed that the membranous fragments of the water-treated leaves fixed with GA-Os method were artifact. Even by using the improved fixation GA+Os method, the membranous fragments were found abundantly in the toxin-treated leaves, but rarely in the water-treated ones. The results indicated that the membranous fragments were induced by the results of the toxin treatment. The formation-mechanism, histochemical and ultrastructural natures, pathological significance of these membranous fragments was discussed in this study.
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