Abstract

A variety of morphological changes in cells and tissues due to preparative procedures were compared at the electron microscopic level using specimens processed by immersion- and perfusion- methods of chemical fixation as well as quick freezing followed by freeze-substitution. The reality or artifact of some observations obtained from the materials processed by conventional chemical fixation, such as the so-called “intercellular interdigitation” of neighboring epithelial cells, open appearance of the lumen in the renal proximal convoluted tubules, the cytoarchitecture and secretory process of mucus-secreting cells, the morphological process of fusion and fission of biological membranes and others, is discussed by comparing the morphological observations obtained from the materials processed by conventional chemical fixation to those processed by quick freezing followed by freeze-substitution. The latter method is considered to be the most effective fixation method for preserving the cellular structures more closely in their living state.

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