Abstract
The aim of the study was to examine the osmoregulatory state of renal function in patients with type 2 diabetes in a water - salt load with 0,5% NaCl in the amount of 0.5% of body weight.
 Materials and methods. The study involved 56patients with insulin - dependent diabetic nephropathy,24 men (42.9%) and 32 women (57.1%), aged from 38 to 81 years. The osmolality was measured by freezing point depression on osmomat 030 - D (USA). Glomerular filtration rate (GFR) was calculated by the formula GFR - EPI with subsequent determination of renal functional reserve.
 Results. It demonstrated that renal osmoregulatory function provides effective regulation of osmotic homeostasis even in a reduced amount of nephrons, but as the glomerular filtration rate decreses to 30 ml/min, the excretion of osmotically active substances gradually decrease too.
 Conclusion. Osmoregulatory disturbances in the renal function in patients with 2 types diabetes depend both on the reduction in GFR, - and on changes in the functional capacity of nephron's tubules.
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