Abstract
Oral transmission of the Trypanosoma cruzi parasite via contaminated food products has resulted in large-scale outbreaks of Chagas disease in endemic areas. In this study, Cai et al. (e00738-20) demonstrate that the cytokine IL-17A is required for optimal immunity against gastric mucosal parasite invasion in mice. Mechanistically, IL-17A exerts its effects through NADPH oxidase, the enzyme involved in the protective respiratory burst response of phagocytes. In addition, transfer of Th17 cells, the major CD4+ T cell producers of IL-17A, also protects against mucosal invasion. These findings indicate that Th17 cells and IL-17A should be targeted in future Chagas vaccine development strategies.
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