Abstract
The ability of Yersinia pestis, the causative agent of plague, to survive in humans depends on a protein (the attachment invasion locus protein, Ail) that provides serum resistance. Kolodziejek et al. (e01244-22) showed that ail mutants colonizing fleas’ midguts survive a human blood meal. This suggests that the flea host provides a protective niche for the growth of serum sensitive and resistant Y. pestis strains and horizontal transfer of virulence factors.
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