Abstract
Protein phosphorylation and dephosphorylation reactions used for signal transduction must be fast enough to convey environmental changes in real time. Straughn et al. (e00089-20) describe how changes at two positions vary the autophosphorylation rate constant of the CheY response regulator over a 100-fold range by altering protein conformation. They also summarize how five variable positions modulate CheY autophosphorylation and autodephosphorylation rate constants over three orders of magnitude each. The distributions of variable residue combinations across response regulator subfamilies suggest that distinct mechanisms associated with different variable positions allow reaction rates to be tuned independently during evolution for diverse biological purposes.
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