Abstract
Objective: To examine the contribution of self-awareness and executive function to the performance of instrumental activities of daily living (IADLs) among adults with acute brain injury. Design: Correlational research design. Setting: Acute neurosurgery unit. Participants: 40 men and women between the ages of 21 to 84 years. Interventions: Not applicable. Main Outcome Measures: Performance on the Toglia Category Assessment (TCA), the Deductive Reasoning Test (DRT), and the Revised Observed Tasks of Daily Living served as dependent variables of interest. Self-awareness was measured using subtests of the TCA and DRT. Results: Categorization and deductive reasoning contributed significantly to IADL performance, suggesting that both executive measures can serve as predictors of IADL in persons with brain injuries. Self-awareness contributed significantly to IADL performance, but its contribution was mediated through categorization ability. Executive function correlated significantly with posttest IADL performance estimation, but not with IADL performance predictions. Conclusions: Executive functions, as well as self-awareness, predicted ADL performance in persons with brain injury. The results are discussed within the framework of a conceptual model that illustrates the multifaceted nature of executive function and its relationship to self-awareness and everyday functional competence.
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