Arthroscopically assisted autologous osteochondral transplantation for osteochondral lesions of the talar dome: an MRI and clinical follow-up study.

Abstract

Osteochondral Lesions of the Talar Dome (OLT) are common problems encountered in orthopedics. Although the etiology remains uncertain, a myriad of treatment options exists. The authors describe arthroscopically assisted autologous osteochondral graft (OCG) transplantation procedures in the treatment of unstable OLTs in nine patients. The patients underwent standard preoperative MRI examination to assess fragment stability (using De Smet criteria for stability). Intraoperative arthroscopy was used to correlate the preoperative MRI assessment (using Cheng/Ferkel grading). After transplantation procedures, MRI (using De Smet criteria for stability) assessed graft incorporation for stability at an average of 9.3 months after the procedure. Preoperative MRI correlated highly with arthroscopic findings of OLT instability (sensitivity = 1.0). This has been demonstrated in the current orthopedic literature. The post transplantation MRI demonstrated stable graft osteointegration by De Smet criteria in all patients. Postoperative visual analogue pain scales showed significant improvement from preoperative assessment. Postoperative AOFAS Ankle-Hindfoot scores averaged 80.2 (S.D. +/- 18.9). Our favorable early results and those of other authors using similar techniques may validate OCG transplantation as a viable alternative for treating unstable osteochondral defects in the talus that are refractive to more commonly used surgical techniques.