Arthropods, Pests, and Diseases of Jack Bean (Canavalia Ensiformis) in Upland and Dry Climate Areas

Abstract

Jack bean (Canavalia ensiformis) is one of the potential crops in tropical areas. Arthropods, plant pests, and microorganisms were observed in Jack bean crop ecosystems. The aims of this study were to observe the presence of arthropods in Jack bean plants in dry land and dry climate area, and disease symptoms caused by microorganisms. This research was conducted at Muneng experimental station Probolinggo, using a diagonal sampling method, with yellow trap, pitfall trap, and swapping net. Symptom variation, arthropod diversity, pest attack intensity, and disease incidence were recorded. The results showed that the types of arthropods, pests, and diseases that infect and the incidence of pest and disease attack on each accession do not differ between accessions. The highest number was recorded in the sweeping net with 12 families, followed by the pitfall trap with 4 families, while in yellow traps there were 3 families. Two insects as plant pest organisms were Liriomyza sp and Maruca sp with attack rates up to 70% and 80% respectively, while jack bean diseases were wilting and mosaic with 25% and 40%. It is necessary to identify the pathogens that caused the diseases in more detail and to study the proper management of pests to reduce yield loss.