Arthropods Diversity in Insectary Plant on Cocoa Cultivation Ecosystems

Abstract

The purpose of this research to determine the population abundance and arthropod diversity on insectary plants that are among the cocoa plantation ecosystems. The research was conducted on five types of insectary plants which were used as objects for observing arthropods, that is; H.annuus L., T.erecta L., Z.elegans Jaqc., G.globose L. and C.argentea. Arthropod observations were carried out using three methods the results of which were identified and then the Shannon-Wiener species diversity index (H'). The results showed that the total abundance of arthropods in the five types of insectary plants was 374 individuals with the highest total arthropods being found in T.erecta with 118 individuals, followed by H.annuus 79 individuals, C.argentea purple 70 individuals, Z.elegans 55 individuals, and the lowest in 52 individual G.globose. The number of arthropods found was 98 individuals acting as pollinators, 111 individuals predators, 53 individuals decomposers, 9 individuals parasitoids, 96 individuals pests and 7 individuals as neutral insects from 10 orders, 34 families and 51 species. The species diversity index (H') value for all types of insectary plants is included in the moderate category with a value of 1.0 <H'> 3.322 which means sufficient productivity, balanced ecosystem conditions and moderate ecological pressure.