Abstract
The knowledge of the spinal cord irrigation is important for the therapeutic planning of aortic pathologies; however, its vasculature is complex due to the caliber of its arteries that pass through a three-dimensional network with great anatomical variability. Its clinical importance is evidenced during the preoperative procedure of thoracic and thoracoabdominal aortic surgeries, because its identification is essential for the prevention of spinal cord injuries. This study consists of a literature review, in which searches were conducted in the databases - Bireme, Science Direct, Pubmed and Lilacs. Articles published between 1999 and 2020, written in English, Portuguese or Spanish, were selected. The search was conducted using the descriptors Anatomy, Spinal Cord Irrigation and Spinal Cord Ischemia. The Adamkiewicz artery is the main artery responsible for the arterial supply to the lower part of the spinal cord. Thus, paraplegia is a complication of this type of surgical approach resulting from ischemic suffering of the spinal cord during the process. Therefore, further study on these factors should be encouraged, because the preservation of this vessel is relevant given the search for protection of the spinal cord and the maintenance of its functions in this type of procedure.
Highlights
The most common spinal cord neurovascular syndrome is related to the anterior spinal artery
This article presents a biographical review study with a descriptive basis accomplished from the analysis of scientific articles published during 1999-2020 on the data of PubMed, Science Direct, Lilacs and Bireme, using as keywords: neuroanatomy, spinal cord, spinal cord infarct and neurology
Despite the great advances related to the prevention of spinal cord damage during thoracic and thoracoabdominal aortic repair, spinal cord injury remains a frequent and harmful complication
Summary
10 Artery of Adamkiewicz and the clinical repercussion of its lesion in thoracoabdominal surgeries and embolism From this perspective, spinal cord infarction is less common compared to the occurrence of a stroke; its consequences are potentially more disabling overall. The spinal cord is one of the components of the central nervous system (CNS) and is held within the spinal canal It begins below the foramen magnum or below the pyramidal decussation, which is located at the end of the medulla oblongata. The medullary cone, is often located at the level of the second lumbar vertebra (L2). It contains two intumescences along its trajectory, where the deposition of neurons is increased. The first is the cervical intumescence related to the brachial plexus; the second, lumbar, covers the lumbosacral plexus [3,4]
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