Artery Ligation for Infected Femoral Pseudoaneurysms Does Carry a High Risk of Major Amputation

Abstract

Arterial ligation has been described in the literature as a safe and effective procedure with a relatively low number of patients requiring major amputations. We performed a retrospective analysis of a prospectively held database of all patients who underwent arterial ligation for infected femoral pseudoaneurysms due to chronic intravenous drug abuse from January 2012 to March 2018. Information recorded for each patient included age, gender, blood investigations, microbiologic results, diagnostic modality, operative details, outcome of surgery, postoperative complications, and follow-up. There were 25 patients identified, with 2 of them undergoing bilateral ligations. It was more common in men (4:1), and the mean age at presentation was 39.7years (standard deviation 8.2y). Nine patients underwent major limb amputation for severe limb ischemia (7transfemoral amputations and two 53 hip disarticulation). Average hospital stay was 24days, and there was no mortality. We found a trend with a higher level of arterial ligation, leading to a higher rate of amputation. Our study is the first to show that there is a trend toward a higher risk of amputation with a higher level of ligation in this cohort of patients, and therefore, we suggest avoidance of external iliac artery ligation even at the most distal part just under the ligament, leaving the circumflex iliac vessel in circuit. Arterial ligation also carries a higher risk of major amputation than previously reported.